After two years of digging and even legal proceedings, the editors of Nieuwsuur were given access to the ancillary activities registries of fourteen universities and seven university medical centres. In total, these contained records for only 4,200 professors, even though there are estimated to be almost 7,000 professors in the Netherlands.

Outdated

Don’t these missing professors have ancillary activities? Some of them do, a sample shows. And the records that do exist often turn out to be outdated, incomplete or incorrect. Universities must register ancillary activities and financial interests to protect their scientific integrity.

Smaller institutions, such as the Open University, the University of Twente and Tilburg University, keep better records of the ancillary activities of their professors than the larger ones. At the University of Groningen, more than half of the entries in the ancillary activities registry contain errors and inaccuracies, while the university’s medical centre keeps no records for its professors at all.

The latter is also the case at Utrecht University. The institution can only provide information on the ancillary activities of its professors that they themselves have listed on their public profile pages.

TU/e

To what extent does TU/e keep record of the ancillary activities of professors? The website states: “TU/e takes the transparency of the ancillary activities in very seriously en has intensified the supervision on the ancillary activities. On a regular basis we examine the accuracy of the information displayed on the personal detail pages of TU/e staff. Furthermore the topic ancillary activities is a recurring component of the R&O annual reviews.” The policy is based on the Sectoral Scheme Covering Ancillary activities.

Shocked

University association UNL, which helped Nieuwsuur collect the records, is shocked by the results of the investigation. “This can’t be allowed to continue. We have to do something about this”, says UNL chair Pieter Duisenberg. “Transparency is the cornerstone of scientific integrity. When you provide your expert opinion as an academic, everyone must be able to verify that you’re doing so independently.”

At the moment, UNL’s website still states that universities have made considerable progress in this area. By early 2021, the ancillary activities of 95 percent of all professors were supposed to be available online, up from 87 percent in 2017.

D66 education minister Robbert Dijkgraaf is troubled by the results of the investigation. “There can be no connection between science and society without 100 percent transparency. I’m going to have a conversation with the universities, because I’d like to hear how they plan to remedy this.”

Former ministers

Even university administrators and former ministers – such as Jet Bussemaker and Jan Peter Balkenende – don’t always have their records in order. This is also true for former education minister Ronald Plasterk.

The latter is especially noteworthy: it was during Plasterk’s tenure that the government decided that professors’ ancillary activities should be made public. At the time, in 2008, university association UNL was against the proposal, while the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences was in favour.

Since then, there have been regular news stories about the incomplete registration of professors’ ancillary activities, invariably followed by public outcry. In 2009, HOP looked into how things were going. The conclusion: not well. Two years later, in 2011, the then government once again stressed that ancillary activities should in principle be a matter of public record. De Groene Amsterdammerwrote about this in 2014.

In 2013, Dijkgraaf’s predecessor Jet Bussemaker refused to set up a national registry, and in 2015 she downplayed the problem: some things were just private, meaning they didn’t need to be registered.

There have been several signs in recent years that ancillary activities can compromise scientific integrity. Recently, de Volkskrant and Folia published articles about the conflicts of interest of professors of tax law and tax economics. An earlier story by Nieuwsuur on the Groningen ‘passport professor’ Dimitry Kochenov resulted in this follow-up investigation.